[1]B.Lavery,ed.，TheRoyalNavyOfficer’sPocketBook,London,2007,p.9.
[2]GarrettMattingly,TheDefeatoftheSpanishArmada,London,1961,pp114-115.
[3]MichaelLewis,ArmadaGuns,London,1961,p.73.
[4]ColinMartinandGeoffreyParker,TheSpanishArmada,London,1988,p.153.
[5]HaroldHodgesandEdwardHughes,SelectNavalDocuments,Cambridge,1922,p.22.
[6]SirJulianCorbett,DrakeandtheTudorNavy,London,1899,vol.2,p.286.
[7]MichaelOppenheim,AHistoryoftheAdministrationoftheRoyalNavy,London,1996,p.384.
[8]NavyRecordsSociety,TheDefeatoftheSpanishArmada,ed.J.K.Laughton,vol.1,1895,p.190
[9]Ibid.，vol.2,pp96-97.
[10]OldysandBirch,ed.，TheWorksofSirWalterRaleigh,Oxford,1820,vol.8,p.344.
[11]Ibid.，p.346.
[12]NavyRecordsSociety,SirWilliamMonson’sNavalTracts,1902,ed.Oppenheim,vol.2,p.383.
[13]HistoricalManuscriptsCommission,TheManuscriptsofF.J.SavileFoljambe,London,1897,p.69.
[14]NavyRecordsSociety,TheJacobeanCommissionsofEnquiry,ed.A.McGowan,1971,pp259,288.
[15]Oppenheim,op.cit.，pp223-224.
[16]C.D.Yonge,TheHistoryoftheBritishNavy,London,1863,vol.2,p.101.
[17]Oppenheim,op.cit.，p.231.
[18]Yonge,op.cit.，p.112.
[19]NabilIMatar,BritainandBarbary,1589-1689，Gainesville,Florida,c.2005,p.55.
[20]C.StephensonandF.G.Marcham,SourcesofEnglishConstitutionalHistory,NewYork,1937,p.456.
[21]BritishLibrary,HarleanManuscripts684,f141,CalendarofStatePapers，Domestics，1635，p.363.
[22]JohnSmith,ASeaGrammar,ed.Goell,London,1970,p.78.
[23]NavyRecordSociety,TheAutobiographyofPhineasPett,ed.W.G.Perrin,1917,p.156.
[24]ThomasHeywood,ATrueDescriptionofHisMajesty’sRoyallShip.ed.AlanR.Young,NewYork,1990,pp20,25,26.
[25]GranvillePenn,MemorialsoftheLifeofSirWilliamPenn,London,1833,vol.Ⅰ,p.19.
[26]EdwardEarlofClarendon,TheHistoryoftheRebellionandCivilWars,vol.II,Oxford,1849,pp262-263.
[27]BritishLibraryPamphlets,E95（8）.
[28]NavyRecordsSociety,LettersandPapersRelatingtotheFirstDutchWar,ed.S.R.GardnerandC.T.Atkinson,vol.3,1905,pp7,94.
[29]Ibid.，pp340-341.
[30]Ibid.，Vol.5,1912,p.109.
[31]NavyRecordsSociety,BritishNavalDocuments,1204-1960,ed.J.B.Hattendorfetal,1993,p.257.
[32]EdwardBarlow,Barlow’sJournal,ed.BasilLubbock,London,1934,vol.1,p.43.
[33]BritishNavalDocuments,op.cit.，p.257.
[34]SamuelPepys,Diary,24October1662,15May1663,30July1667.
[35]Pepys,Diary,1October1661.
[36]EricHomberger,TheHistoricalAtlasofNewYorkCity,NewYork,1994,p.168.
[37]Pepys,Diary,1July1666.
[38]BruceS.Ingram,ed.，ThreeSeaJournalsofStuartTimes,London,1936,pp48-49.
[39]Barlow,op.cit.，pp118-119.
[40]Ingram,ed.，op.cit.，p.54.
[41]Pepys,Diary,30June1667.
[42]AndrewMarvell,LastInstructionstoaPainter，1667.
[43]Pepys,Diary,20October1666.
[44]NavyRecordsSociety,TheTangierPapersofSamuelPepys,ed.EdwinChappell,1935,p.122.
[45]HaroldHodgesandEdwardHughes,op.cit.，pp72-73.
[46]NavyRecordsSociety,SamuelPepys’sNavalMinutes,ed.J.R.Tanner,1925,pp71-72.
[47]J.R.Tanner,ed.，Pepys’sMemoriesoftheRoyalNavy,1679-1688,Oxford,1906,pp10-11.
[48]E.B.Powley,TheEnglishNavyintheRevolutionof1688,Cambridge,1928,pp87-88.
[49]LindaColley,Britons,ForgingtheNation,1707-1837,London,1992,p.53.
[1]PeterMarsden,TheStoryoftheAnne,Hastings,1992,p.15.
[2]SamuelJeake,AnAstrologicalDiaryoftheSeventeenthCentury，ed.MichaelHunterandAnnabelGregory,Oxford,1988,p.204.
[3]JohnCharnock,BiographiaNavalis,vol.1,London,1974,p.361note.
[4]HistoricalManuscriptsCommission,ManuscriptsoftheHouseofLords,NewSeries,1,1900,p.220.
[5]NavyRecordsSociety,QueenAnne’sNavy,ed.R.D.Merriman,1961,pp254-255.
[6]NedWard,TheWoodenWorld,ed.Callender,SocietyforNauticalResearchOccasionalPublications,1929,pp14-15.
[7]BridgetCherryandNikolausPevsner,TheBuildingsofEngland，London2,South,London,1990,p.262.
[8]NavyRecordsSociety,TheNavalMiscellany,vol.5,ed.N.A.M.Rodger,1984,pp173,187.
[9]TheLifeandAdventuresofMatthewBishop,London,1744,p.20.
[10]Ibid.，p.21.
[11]QuotedinT.C.Smout,ScottishTradeontheEveofUnion,London,1963,p.275.
[12]LordBelhaven,SpeechintheScotchParliament,1706,p.3.
[13]MarcusRediker,VillainsofallNations;AtlanticPiratesintheGoldenAge,London,2004,p.143.
[14]QuotedinKeevilandCoulter,MedicineandtheNavy,vol.4,Edinburgh,1963.
[15]RichardWalter，Anson’sVoyageRoundtheWorld,NewYork,1974,p.78.
[16]Ibid.，xlvi.
[17]BrianLavery,ShipoftheLine,vol.1，1983，p.90.
[18]Ibid.，p.93.
[19]QuotedinJohnS.Gibson,Shipofthe’45,London,1967,p.2.
[20]ScottishHistorySociety,Vol.21,1895-1896,TheLyoninMourning,Vol.Ⅱ,pp99,253;Vol.Ⅲ,op.cit.，p.12.
[21]Ibid.，p.79.
[22]OlaudahEquiano，TheInterestingNarrativeoftheLife...,London,2003,p.55.
[23]A.N.Ryan,“TheRoyalNavyandtheBlockadeofBrest,1689-1805”,inLesMarinesDeGuerreEuropéennes,Paris,1985,p.182.
[24]DavidErskine,ed.，AugustusHervey’sJournal,London,1953,p.227.
[25]N.A.M.Rodger,TheArticlesofWar,Homewell,c.1982.
[26]Lavery,ShipoftheLine,op.cit.，vol.1,p.109.
[27]N.A.M.Rodger,ed.，TheNarrativeofWilliamSpavens,London,1998,pp4,74-75.
[28]MelvynBragg,TheAdventureofEnglish,London,2003,p.ix.
[29]Erskine,op.cit.，p.329.
[1]LindaColley,Britons,London,1994,p.99.
[2]DavidCordingly,MarinePaintinginEngland,1700-1900,London,1974,pp121-122.
[3]RichardB.Morris,ed.，TheAmericanRevolution,1763-1783,ABicentennialCollection,NewYork,1970,p.124.
[4]DavidSyrett,ShippingandtheAmericanWar,London,1970,pp243,236.
[5]EricHomberger,TheHistoricalAtlasofNewYorkCity,NewYork,1994,op.cit.，p.51.
[6]W.B.Clark（ed.）,NavalDocumentsoftheAmericanRevolution,Vol.1,Washington,1964,p.356.
[7]USNavy,BureauofNavalPersonnel,NavalOrientation,1945,p.373.
[8]N.A.M.Rodger,TheinsatiableEarl,London,1993,p.161.
[9]NavyRecordsSociety,TheLettersandPapersofCharles,LordBarham,ed.J.K.Laughton,vol.1,1906,pp66-67.
[10]BenjaminSilliman,JournalofTravelsinEngland,HollandandScotland,Newhaven,1812,pp58-59.
[11]MichaelDuffy,Soldiers,SugarandSeapower,Oxford,1987,pp8-13，B.R.Mitchell,AbstractofBritishHistoricalStatistics,Cambridge，1962,p.312.
[12]RobertHughes,TheFatalShore,London，1987,p.63.
[13]Ibid.，pp145-146.
[14]G.E.ManwaringandBonamyDobrée,TheFloatingRepublic,London,1935,p.63.
[15]Ibid.p.59.
[16]Ibid.pp265-266.
[17]Ibid.p.277.
[18]BasilHall,FragmentsofVoyagesandTravels,London,1860,p.82.
[19]JaneAusten，Persuasion，London,1998,p.19.
[20]NavyRecordsSociey,ShipboardLifeandOrganisation,ed.B.Lavery,1998,p.451.
[21]RudolfAckermannandThomasRowlandson,LoyalVolunteersofLondon,London,1972,p.vii.
[22]JohnEhrmann,TheYoungerPitt,vol.3,TheConsumingStruggle,London,1996,p.263footnote.
[23]QuotedinJaniceMurray,ed.，GloriousVictory,AdmiralDuncanandtheBattleofCamperdown,1797,Dundee,1997,p.20.
[24]NavyRecordsSociety,TheLettersofAdmiralMarkham,Vol.ⅩⅩⅤⅢ,1904,p.398.
[25]C.S.Forester,ed.，TheAdventuresofJohnWetherell,London,1954,pp31-32.
[26]NationalMaritimeMuseummanuscripts,AGC/P/17
[27]WilliamRobinson,JackNastyface,MemoirsofaSeaman,Annapolis,1973,p.34.
[28]N.H.Nicolas,ed.，TheDispatchesandLettersofLordNelson,vol.Ⅶ,1998,p.60.
[29]JosephAllen,TheLifeandServicesofSirWilliamHargood,Greenwich,1861,p.286.
[30]Ibid.，pp289.
[31]TheNelsonDispatch,vol.5,part11,july1996,p.398.
[32]NavyRecordsSociety,ShipboardLifeandOrganisation,op.cit.，pp402,355.
[33]QuotedinIanRobertson,ACommandingPresence,Stroud，2008,p.51.
[34]AlexanderGordon,ACavalryOfficerintheCorunnaCampaign,ed.H.C.Wylly,London,1913.
[35]QuotedinNavyRecordsSociety,TheKeithPapers,ed.ChristopherLloyd,vol.3,1995,p.259.
[36]W.S.Dudley,ed.，TheNavalWarof1812,aDocumentaryHistory,vol.2,Washington,1992,p.48.
[37]Ibid.，p.183.
[38]Dudley,op.cit.，p.126.
[39]FrederickLewisMaitland,NarrativeontheSurrenderofBuonaparte,2ndedition,London,1826,p.83.
[40]NavyRecordsSociety,FiveNavalJournals,ed.H.G.Thursfield,1951,p.323.
[1]BritishLibraryAdditionalMs38041.
[2]RogerPerkinsandK.J.DouglasMorris,GunfireinBarbary,Havant,c.1982,p.129.
[3]LouiseKingHall,ed.，SeaSaga,beingtheDiariesofFourGenerationsoftheKingHallFamily,London,1936,p.62.
[4]ChristopherLloyd,TheNavyandtheSlaveTrade,London,1949,p.70.
[5]Ibid.，p.72.
[6]HenryBaynham,FromtheLowerDeck,London,1969,p.150.
[7]QuotedinMichaelLewis,TheNavyinTransition,London,1965,p.195.
[8]SeePeterHore,“LordMelville,theAdmiraltyandtheComingofSteamNavigation”,inMarinersMirror,vol.86,May2000,pp157-172.
[9]HenryBaynham,BeforetheMast,London,1972，p.59.
[10]JohnG.Wells,Whaley,theStoryofHMSExcellent,Portsmouth,1980,p.202.
[11]Baynham,BeforetheMast,op.cit,p.16.
[12]C.N.Robinson,TheBritishTarinFactandFiction,London,1909,pp240-244.
[13]G.B.Endacott,AnEasternEntrepot,London,1964,p.96.
[14]OxfordNewDictionaryofNationalBiography,articleonCharlesDarwin.
[15]Lewis,TheNavyinTransition,op.cit.，pp186-187.
[16]Baynham,BeforetheMast,op,cit.，p.111.
[17]BonnerSmithandDewar,ed.，NavyRecordsSociety,RussianWar,1854,1943,p.47.
[18]MarkKerr,TheNavyinMyTime,London,1933,p.9.
[19]NavyEstimates,inBrassey’sNavalAnnual,1887,p.531.
[20]SamNoble,AnAutobiography,London,1925,p.2.
[21]CaledoniaJournal,1939,p.23.
[22]NationalArchives,ADM1/6084.
[23]Baynham,BeforetheMast,op.cit.，p.179.
[24]JohnWells,TheImmortalWarrior,London,1987,p.125.
[25]JohnWinton,HurrahfortheLifeofaSailor,London,1977,p.196.
[26]AntonyPrestonandJohnMajor,SendaGunboat,London,1967,passim.
[27]LionelYexley,TheInnerLifeoftheNavy,London,1908,pp90-91.
[28]NationalMaritimeMuseumManuscripts,MSS/73/669.
[29]Baynham,BeforetheMast,op.cit.，pp127-128.
[30]NationalArchives,ADM1/6388,para86.
[31]FredericWhyte,TheLifeofW.T.Stead,NewYork,1925,pp145-152.
[32]RoyJenkins,Gladstone,London,1996,p.610.
[33]HenryBaynham,MenfromtheDreadnoughts,London,1976,p.54.
[34]WinstonS.Churchill,TheRiverWar,London,1973,p.263.
[35]NavyRecordsSociety,ThePapersofAdmiralJohnFisher,ed.P.K.Kemp,vol.1,1960,p.12.
[36]JonSumida,InDefenceofNavalSupremacy,London,1993,p.50.
[37]RandolphS.Churchill,WinstonS.Churchill,VolumeⅡ,CompanionPart3,London,1969,p.1836.
[38]NationalArchives,ADM116/1182.
[39]Hansard,16March1903,col.866.
[40]NationalArchives,ADM7/941.
[41]Baynham,MenfromtheDreadnoughts,op.cit.，p.128.
[42]WilliamJames,NewBattleshipOrganisations,Portsmouth,1916,p.81.
[43]AnthonyCarew,TheLowerDeckoftheRoyalNavy,1900-1938,Manchester,1981,pp64-65,207-210.
[44]LouiseKingHall,op.cit.，pp366-367.
[45]NavyRecordSociety,ThePapersofAdmiralJohnFisher,op.cit.，vol.1,p.12.
[46]StephenKingHall,MyNavalLife,London,1952,p.106.
[47]AngusCunninghamGraham,RandomNavalRecollections,Gartocharn,1979,p.35.
[48]Brassey’sNavalAnnual,1906,p.1.
[49]Baynham,MenfromtheDreadnoughts,op.cit.，p.231.
[50]LordC.Chatfield,TheNavyandDefence,London,1942,p.143.
[51]Baynham,MenfromtheDreadnoughts,opcit,p.236.
[52]Ibid.，pp237-238.
[53]Admiralty（CivilEngineerinChief）,TheTechnicalHistoryandIndex,Vol.8,ScandinavianandEastCoastConvoys,p.59.
[54]JournaloftheRoyalUnitedServiceInstitution,February1923,p.2.
[55]NavyRecordsSociety,TheBeattyPapers,ed.B.McLRanft,1989,Vol.1,pp562-574;PaulG.Halpern,ANavalHistoryofWorldWarI,London,1994,p.448.